# Basic Commands Overview

| Command     | Description                                                                                  | Package      |
|-------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------|
| `base64`    | base64 encode/decode data and print to standard output                                       | `coreutils`  |
| `basename`  | strip directory and suffix from filenames                                                    | `coreutils`  |
| `cat`       | concatenate — combine the output of files and print to standard output                       | `coreutils`  |
| `cd`        | Change Directory — navigate directories on the filesystem                                    | built-in     |
| `chmod`     | change file mode bits (permissions) for files and directories                                | `coreutils`  |
| `chown`     | change file owner and group                                                                  | `coreutils`  |
| `clear`     | clear the terminal content                                                                   | `clear`      |
| `cp`        | copy files                                                                                   | `coreutils`  |
| `csplit`    | split a file into sections determined by context lines                                       | `coreutils`  |
| `dd`        | convert and copy a file                                                                      | `coreutils`  |
| `df`        | Disk Free — report overall file system space usage                                           | `coreutils`  |
| `diff`      | show differences between two files line by line                                              | `diffutils`  |
| `dirname`   | print the directory path if the passed file                                                  | `coreutils`  |
| `du`        | Disk Usage — show file system usage for a given directory                                    | `coreutils`  |
| `echo`      | display a line of text                                                                       | built-in     |
| `find`      | search for files in a given directory                                                        | `findutils`  |
| `grep`      | search for text                                                                              | `grep`       |
| `head`      | display the first X lines of a file (default 10)                                             | `coreutils`  |
| `history`   | print the history of issued commands                                                         | built-in     |
| `jobs`      | display currently running jobs                                                               | built-in     |
| `kill`      | terminate a process                                                                          | `util-linux` |
| `ls`        | list directory contents                                                                      | `coreutils`  |
| `man`       | Manual — display the documentation of a given command                                        | `man`        |
| `mkdir`     | create a directory                                                                           | `coreutils`  |
| `mv`        | move (and rename) files                                                                      | `coreutils`  |
| `ping`      | check if a server is reachable                                                               | `iputils`    |
| `printenv`  | print information about currently set environment variables                                  | `coreutils`  |
| `printf`    | format and print data                                                                        | `coreutils`  |
| `pwd`       | Print Working Directory — returns the current working directory                              | built-in     |
| `rm`        | remove files and directories (caution: no undo!)                                             | `coreutils`  |
| `scp`       | OpenSSH secure file copy                                                                     | `openssh`    |
| `sha256sum` | compute and check SHA256 message digest (variants for SHA1, SHA224, SHA384 and SHA512 exist) | `coreutils`  |
| `sort`      | sort lines of text files                                                                     | `coreutils`  |
| `sudo`      | Super User Do — execute commands as root                                                     | `sudo`       |
| `tail`      | display the last X lines of a file (default 10)                                              | `coreutils`  |
| `tar`       | archiving utility, compression optional                                                      | `tar`        |
| `top`       | display Linux processes                                                                      | `procps-ng`  |
| `touch`     | create an empty file                                                                         | `coreutils`  |
| `uname`     | Unix Name — print system information                                                         | `coreutils`  |
| `unzip`     | list, test and extract compressed files in a ZIP archive                                     | `unzip`      |
| `useradd`   | create a new user or update default new user information                                     | `shadow`     |
| `userdel`   | delete a user account and related files                                                      | `shadow`     |
| `wget`      | download files from the internet                                                             | `wget`       |
| `zip`       | package and compress (archive) files                                                         | `zip`        |